TTE vs RCT Comparisons
Studies that directly compared Target Trial Emulation results with their corresponding Randomized Controlled Trials. Explore 28 comparative studies examining concordance patterns.
Baptiste (2024)
Disease: Cardiovascular disease (Cardiology)
Data: Ehr from UK
Sample Size: 137155
(Treatment: 40553, Control: 96602)
TTE vs RCT Comparisons
| Target Trial | Outcome | Effect Measure | RCT Result | TTE Result | Concordance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ONTARGET | ≥30% increase in serum creatinine Efficacy | RR |
1.14
[0.80, 1.62] |
1.38
[1.34, 1.43] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| ONTARGET | Angioedema Efficacy | RR |
0.40
[0.19, 0.86] |
1.14
[0.72, 1.80] |
CI Overlap
Different Direction |
| ONTARGET | Cough Efficacy | RR |
0.26
[0.21, 0.33] |
1.29
[1.16, 1.43] |
No Overlap
Different Direction |
| ONTARGET | Death from any cause Efficacy | HR |
0.98
[0.90, 1.07] |
0.97
[0.93, 1.01] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| ONTARGET | Death from cardiovascular causes Efficacy | HR |
1.00
[0.89, 1.12] |
0.96
[0.90, 1.03] |
CI Overlap
Different Direction |
| ONTARGET | Death from non-cardiovascular causes Efficacy | HR |
0.96
[0.83, 1.10] |
0.97
[0.92, 1.02] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| ONTARGET | Hospitalisation for heart failure Efficacy | HR |
1.12
[0.97, 1.29] |
0.97
[0.90, 1.05] |
CI Overlap
Different Direction |
| ONTARGET | Main secondary outcome: Death from card… Efficacy | HR |
0.99
[0.91, 1.07] |
0.98
[0.94, 1.02] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| ONTARGET | Myocardial infarction Efficacy | HR |
1.07
[0.94, 1.22] |
0.97
[0.92, 1.01] |
CI Overlap
Different Direction |
| ONTARGET | Primary composite: Death from cardiovas… Efficacy | HR |
1.01
[0.94, 1.09] |
0.98
[0.94, 1.02] |
CI Overlap
Different Direction |
| ONTARGET | Stroke Efficacy | HR |
0.91
[0.79, 1.05] |
1.04
[0.97, 1.12] |
CI Overlap
Different Direction |
Goriacko (2024)
Disease: COVID-19 (Infectious diseases)
Data: Ehr from US
Sample Size: 716
(Treatment: 244, Control: 472)
TTE vs RCT Comparisons
| Target Trial | Outcome | Effect Measure | RCT Result | TTE Result | Concordance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| REMAP-CAP | 28-day all-cause mortality Efficacy | OR |
0.76
[0.66, 0.88] |
0.86
[0.52, 1.44] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
Matthews (2024)
Disease: Myocardial infarction (Cardiology)
Data: Registry from Sweden
Sample Size: 10926
(Treatment: 9728, Control: 1198)
TTE vs RCT Comparisons
| Target Trial | Outcome | Effect Measure | RCT Result | TTE Result | Concordance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| REDUCE-AMI | death or recurrent myocardial infarction Efficacy | HR |
0.96
[0.79, 1.16] |
0.78
[0.59, 1.12] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
Robak (2024)
Disease: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (Oncology)
Data: Other from Czech Republic, France
Sample Size: 811
(Treatment: 119, Control: 692)
TTE vs RCT Comparisons
| Target Trial | Outcome | Effect Measure | RCT Result | TTE Result | Concordance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RESONATE-2 | Overall survival Efficacy | HR |
0.35
[0.20, 0.62] |
0.64
[0.39, 1.04] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
Signori (2024)
Disease: Multiple sclerosis (Neurology)
Data: Registry from Italy, Australia, Turkey, Czech Republic, Kuwait, Switzerland, Spain, Lebanon, Canada
Sample Size: 4376
(Treatment: 3236, Control: 1140)
TTE vs RCT Comparisons
| Target Trial | Outcome | Effect Measure | RCT Result | TTE Result | Concordance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TRANSFORMS | Annual relapse rate Efficacy | RR |
0.49
[0.37, 0.64] |
0.55
[0.45, 0.68] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
Szmulewicz (2024)
Disease: Psychosis (Psychology)
Data: Other from US, Canada, Spain
Sample Size: 1236
(Treatment: 853, Control: 383)
TTE vs RCT Comparisons
| Target Trial | Outcome | Effect Measure | RCT Result | TTE Result | Concordance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EUFEST | 12-month risks of discontinuation Efficacy | HR |
0.52
[0.36, 0.76] |
0.41
[0.28, 0.59] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| EUFEST | Admission to hospital after intake Efficacy | RR |
1.05
[0.80, 1.36] |
1.11
[0.78, 1.59] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| EUFEST | Co-prescription of antidepressants Efficacy | RR |
0.33
[0.21, 0.54] |
0.81
[0.54, 1.21] |
No Overlap
Same Direction |
| EUFEST | Co-prescription of mood stabilizers Efficacy | RR |
1.00
[0.77, 1.30] |
1.74
[1.03, 2.92] |
CI Overlap
Different Direction |
| EUFEST | Overall functioning score (GAF) Efficacy | MD |
-0.10
[-9.80, 9.70] |
2.70
[-3.84, 9.24] |
CI Overlap
Different Direction |
| EUFEST | Severity of illness score (CGI-S) Efficacy | MD |
-0.10
[-0.93, 0.73] |
-0.50
[-0.92, -0.08] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
Evans (2023)
Disease: Blood infection (Hematology)
Data: Other from UK
Sample Size: 121
(Treatment: 82, Control: 39)
TTE vs RCT Comparisons
| Target Trial | Outcome | Effect Measure | RCT Result | TTE Result | Concordance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MERINO | all-cause mortality at 25 days Efficacy | OR |
3.69
[1.48, 10.40] |
1.31
[0.40, 4.26] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
Gallivan (2023)
Disease: Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (Opthalmology)
Data: Ehr from Ireland
Sample Size: 4303
(Treatment: 1783, Control: 2520)
TTE vs RCT Comparisons
| Target Trial | Outcome | Effect Measure | RCT Result | TTE Result | Concordance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VIEW 1 | Mean change in ETDRS BCVA letters Efficacy | MD |
0.50
[-1.69, 2.69] |
-1.30
[-4.91, 2.31] |
CI Overlap
Different Direction |
Merola (2023)
Disease: Breast cancer (Oncology)
Data: Ehr from US
Sample Size: 3836
(Treatment: 1299, Control: 2537)
TTE vs RCT Comparisons
| Target Trial | Outcome | Effect Measure | RCT Result | TTE Result | Concordance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PALOMA-2 | Time to next treatment (TTNT) Efficacy | HR |
0.64
[0.52, 0.78] |
0.62
[0.56, 0.68] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
Wakabayashi (2023)
Disease: Diabetes (Endocrinology)
Data: Other from Japan
Sample Size: 96
(Treatment: 48, Control: 48)
TTE vs RCT Comparisons
| Target Trial | Outcome | Effect Measure | RCT Result | TTE Result | Concordance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| COMPASS | Change in HbA1c, % Efficacy | MD |
-0.28
[-0.14, -0.16] |
-0.01
[-0.25, 0.23] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| Onishi 2013 et al. | Change in HbA1c, % Efficacy | MD |
-0.28
[-0.46, -0.10] |
0.46
[-0.01, 0.94] |
No Overlap
Different Direction |
| PRIME-V | Percentage changes in HbA1c levels (%) Efficacy | MD |
4.03
[0.79, 7.27] |
-6.21
[-11.01, -1.40] |
No Overlap
Different Direction |
Wang (2023)
Disease: Multiple conditions including cardiovascular outcomes, diabetes, antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, hypertension, osteoporosis, kidney disease, heart failure, asthma, COPD, and prostate cancer (All areas)
Data: Claims from US
TTE vs RCT Comparisons
| Target Trial | Outcome | Effect Measure | RCT Result | TTE Result | Concordance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ISAR-REACT 5 | All cause death, non-fatal myocardial i… Efficacy | HR |
1.36
[1.09, 1.70] |
Not available | Cannot assess |
| P04334 | Asthma exacerbation Efficacy | HR |
0.54
[0.44, 0.72] |
0.78
[0.62, 0.97] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| D5896 | Asthma related death, intubation, hospi… Efficacy | HR |
1.07
[0.70, 1.65] |
1.38
[0.90, 2.13] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| CARMELINA | Composite of nonfatal stroke, nonfatal … Efficacy | HR |
1.02
[0.89, 1.17] |
0.90
[0.84, 0.96] |
CI Overlap
Different Direction |
| SAVOR-TIMI | Composite of nonfatal stroke, nonfatal … Efficacy | HR |
1.00
[0.89, 1.12] |
0.81
[0.76, 0.86] |
No Overlap
Different Direction |
| TRITON-TIMI | Composite of nonfatal stroke, nonfatal … Efficacy | HR |
0.81
[0.73, 0.90] |
0.88
[0.79, 0.97] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| PLATO | Composite of nonfatal stroke, nonfatal … Efficacy | HR |
0.84
[0.77, 0.92] |
0.92
[0.83, 1.02] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| LEADER | Composite of nonfatal stroke, nonfatal … Efficacy | HR |
0.87
[0.78, 0.97] |
0.82
[0.76, 0.87] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| EMPA-REG | Composite of nonfatal stroke, nonfatal … Efficacy | HR |
0.86
[0.74, 0.99] |
0.83
[0.73, 0.95] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| CANVAS | Composite of nonfatal stroke, nonfatal … Efficacy | HR |
0.86
[0.75, 0.97] |
0.77
[0.70, 0.85] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| CAROLINA | Composite of nonfatal stroke, nonfatal … Efficacy | HR |
0.95
[0.84, 1.14] |
0.91
[0.79, 1.05] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| PRONOUNCE | Composite of nonfatal stroke, nonfatal … Efficacy | HR |
1.28
[0.59, 2.79] |
1.35
[0.94, 1.93] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| TECOS | Composite of nonfatal stroke, nonfatal … Efficacy | HR |
0.98
[0.88, 1.09] |
0.89
[0.86, 0.91] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| ONTARGET | Composite of nonfatal stroke, nonfatal … Efficacy | HR |
1.01
[0.94, 1.09] |
0.83
[0.77, 0.90] |
No Overlap
Different Direction |
| TRANSCEND | Composite of nonfatal stroke, nonfatal … Efficacy | HR |
0.92
[0.81, 1.05] |
0.88
[0.83, 0.96] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| INSPIRE | COPD exacerbation Efficacy | HR |
0.97
[0.84, 1.12] |
0.93
[0.90, 0.96] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| RECORD1 | Deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolis… Efficacy | HR |
0.25
[0.14, 0.47] |
0.17
[0.10, 0.29] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| DAPA-CKD | End stage renal disease / death Efficacy | HR |
0.61
[0.51, 0.72] |
0.80
[0.52, 1.26] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| LEAD-2 | Hemoglobin A1c Efficacy | MD | Not available |
0.05
[-0.11, 0.22] |
Cannot assess |
| HORIZON-PFT | Hip Fracture Efficacy | HR |
0.59
[0.42, 0.83] |
0.72
[0.55, 0.94] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| DECLARE-TIMI58 | Hospitalization for heart failure + car… Efficacy | HR |
0.83
[0.73, 0.95] |
0.69
[0.59, 0.81] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| PARADIGM-HF | Hospitalization for heart failure / mor… Efficacy | HR |
0.80
[0.73, 0.87] |
1.02
[0.91, 1.14] |
No Overlap
Different Direction |
| IMPACT | Moderate or severe COPD exacerbation Efficacy | HR |
0.85
[0.80, 0.90] |
1.13
[1.04, 1.23] |
No Overlap
Different Direction |
| POET-COPD | Moderate or severe COPD exacerbation Efficacy | HR |
0.83
[0.77, 0.90] |
1.02
[0.93, 1.12] |
No Overlap
Different Direction |
| RE-LY | Stroke/Systemic Embolism Efficacy | HR |
0.66
[0.53, 0.82] |
0.73
[0.60, 0.90] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| ROCKET AF | Stroke/Systemic Embolism Efficacy | HR |
0.79
[0.66, 0.96] |
0.70
[0.62, 0.80] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| ARISTOTLE | Stroke/Systemic Embolism Efficacy | HR |
0.79
[0.66, 0.95] |
0.68
[0.61, 0.76] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| EINSTEIN PE | Venous thromboembolism Efficacy | HR |
1.12
[0.75, 1.68] |
0.67
[0.55, 0.80] |
CI Overlap
Different Direction |
| EINSTEIN DVT | Venous thromboembolism Efficacy | HR |
0.68
[0.44, 1.04] |
0.75
[0.62, 0.90] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| AMPLIFY | Venous thromboembolism / Venous thrombo… Efficacy | HR |
0.84
[0.60, 1.18] |
0.81
[0.54, 1.23] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| RE-COVER II | Venous thromboembolism / Venous thrombo… Efficacy | HR |
1.08
[0.64, 1.80] |
1.15
[0.74, 1.78] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| VERO | Vertebral fracture Efficacy | HR |
0.44
[0.29, 0.68] |
Not available | Cannot assess |
Barbulescu (2022)
Disease: Rheumatoid Arthritis (Rheumatology)
Data: National_Database from Sweden
Sample Size: 509
(Treatment: 313, Control: 196)
TTE vs RCT Comparisons
| Target Trial | Outcome | Effect Measure | RCT Result | TTE Result | Concordance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SWEFOT | European Alliance of Associations for R… Efficacy | RR |
1.22
[0.98, 1.53] |
1.27
[0.99, 1.63] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| SWEFOT | European Alliance of Associations for R… Efficacy | RR |
1.59
[1.10, 2.30] |
1.48
[0.98, 2.24] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
TTE vs RCT Comparisons
| Target Trial | Outcome | Effect Measure | RCT Result | TTE Result | Concordance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cutsem et al. | Death Efficacy | HR |
0.93
[0.81, 1.07] |
0.86
[0.68, 1.07] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| Peeters et al. | Death Efficacy | HR |
0.96
[0.75, 1.23] |
0.89
[0.68, 1.38] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
Hou (2022)
Disease: Colorectal Cancer (Oncology)
Data: Ehr from US
Sample Size: 943
(Treatment: 518, Control: 425)
TTE vs RCT Comparisons
| Target Trial | Outcome | Effect Measure | RCT Result | TTE Result | Concordance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| COST | 5-year overall survival Efficacy | RD |
0.01
[-0.17, 0.18] |
-0.01
[-0.07, 0.06] |
CI Overlap
Different Direction |
Jang (2022)
Disease: Relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (Oncology)
Data: Other from South Korea
Sample Size: 138
(Treatment: 69, Control: 69)
TTE vs RCT Comparisons
| Target Trial | Outcome | Effect Measure | RCT Result | TTE Result | Concordance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EMPA-REG OUTCOME | Acute kidney injury Efficacy | OR |
0.78
[0.63, 0.96] |
0.70
[0.59, 0.82] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| ASPIRE | Acute renal failure Efficacy | RR |
1.19
[0.70, 2.00] |
1.30
[0.53, 3.16] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| EMPA-REG OUTCOME | All cause death Efficacy | HR |
0.68
[0.57, 0.82] |
0.78
[0.67, 0.91] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| EMPA-REG OUTCOME | Coronary revascularization Efficacy | HR |
0.86
[0.72, 1.04] |
0.94
[0.87, 1.02] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| ASPIRE | Cough Efficacy | RR |
1.94
[1.37, 2.72] |
1.04
[0.45, 2.45] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| EMPA-REG OUTCOME | Diabetic ketoacidosis Efficacy | OR |
1.99
[0.20, 17.80] |
1.09
[0.72, 1.64] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| ASPIRE | Diarrhea Efficacy | RR |
1.44
[1.08, 1.92] |
1.03
[0.52, 1.99] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| ASPIRE | Dyspenia Efficacy | RR |
1.38
[0.94, 2.00] |
2.27
[1.24, 4.16] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| EMPA-REG OUTCOME | Fracture Efficacy | OR |
0.98
[0.76, 1.27] |
0.94
[0.87, 1.03] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| EMPA-REG OUTCOME | Genital infection Efficacy | OR |
3.74
[2.70, 5.19] |
1.49
[1.35, 1.65] |
No Overlap
Same Direction |
| ASPIRE | Heart failure Efficacy | RR |
1.59
[0.83, 3.02] |
1.45
[0.61, 3.48] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| EMPA-REG OUTCOME | hospitalization for heart failure Efficacy | HR |
0.65
[0.50, 0.85] |
0.85
[0.75, 0.95] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| EMPA-REG OUTCOME | Hospitalization for unstable angine Efficacy | HR |
0.99
[0.74, 1.34] |
0.94
[0.88, 1.01] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| ASPIRE | Hypertension Efficacy | RR |
2.23
[1.38, 3.62] |
1.32
[0.73, 2.40] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| EMPA-REG OUTCOME | Hypoglycemic adverse event Safety | OR |
1.00
[0.89, 1.11] |
0.70
[0.59, 0.84] |
No Overlap
Different Direction |
| ASPIRE | Hypokalemia Efficacy | RR |
2.46
[1.69, 3.57] |
1.91
[0.62, 5.87] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| ASPIRE | Ischemic heart disease Efficacy | RR |
1.28
[0.68, 2.42] |
1.00
[0.34, 2.92] |
CI Overlap
Different Direction |
| EMPA-REG OUTCOME | MACE (major adverse cardiovascular even… Safety | HR |
0.86
[0.74, 0.99] |
0.87
[0.79, 0.96] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| ASPIRE | Muscle spasm Efficacy | RR |
1.36
[0.97, 1.89] |
5.12
[1.05, 15.00] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| EMPA-REG OUTCOME | Myocardial infarction Efficacy | HR |
0.87
[0.70, 1.09] |
0.91
[0.76, 1.08] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| ASPIRE | Pyrexia Efficacy | RR |
1.52
[1.08, 2.11] |
1.79
[0.97, 3.24] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| EMPA-REG OUTCOME | Stroke Efficacy | HR |
1.18
[0.89, 1.56] |
0.89
[0.75, 1.05] |
CI Overlap
Different Direction |
| ASPIRE | Thrombocytopenia Efficacy | RR |
1.40
[1.02, 1.94] |
1.84
[1.10, 3.06] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| EMPA-REG OUTCOME | Thromboembolic event Efficacy | OR |
0.75
[0.42, 1.31] |
0.92
[0.80, 1.05] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| EMPA-REG OUTCOME | Transient ischemic attack Efficacy | HR |
0.85
[0.51, 1.42] |
0.88
[0.74, 1.04] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| ASPIRE | Upper respiratory tract infection Efficacy | RR |
1.68
[1.19, 2.33] |
1.43
[0.59, 3.56] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| EMPA-REG OUTCOME | Urinary tract infection Efficacy | OR |
0.99
[0.87, 1.13] |
0.87
[0.81, 0.94] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| EMPA-REG OUTCOME | Volume depletion Efficacy | OR |
1.04
[0.82, 1.30] |
0.84
[0.76, 0.94] |
CI Overlap
Different Direction |
Jin (2022)
Disease: Osteoarthritis (Rheumatology)
Data: Registry from US
Sample Size: 1566
(Treatment: 237, Control: 1329)
TTE vs RCT Comparisons
| Target Trial | Outcome | Effect Measure | RCT Result | TTE Result | Concordance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sanghi et al., McAlindon et a… | Change in WOMAC function score at 24 mo… Efficacy | SMD |
-0.92
[-1.32, -0.51] |
0.02
[-0.11, 0.15] |
No Overlap
Different Direction |
| Sanghi et al., McAlindon et a… | Change in WOMAC pain score at 24 months Efficacy | SMD |
-0.39
[-0.78, 0.00] |
0.08
[-0.07, 0.23] |
CI Overlap
Different Direction |
Kuehne (2022)
Disease: Ovarian cancer (Oncology)
Data: Other from US
Sample Size: 3164
(Treatment: 1582, Control: 1582)
TTE vs RCT Comparisons
| Target Trial | Outcome | Effect Measure | RCT Result | TTE Result | Concordance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MRC OV05/EORTC 55955 | Overall survival Efficacy | HR |
1.01
[0.82, 1.25] |
1.12
[0.96, 1.28] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
Matthews (2022)
Disease: Myocardial infarction (Cardiology)
Data: Registry from Sweden
Sample Size: 18222
(Treatment: 3462, Control: 14760)
TTE vs RCT Comparisons
| Target Trial | Outcome | Effect Measure | RCT Result | TTE Result | Concordance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TASTE | Death Efficacy | RR |
0.94
[0.78, 1.15] |
1.09
[0.96, 1.24] |
CI Overlap
Different Direction |
| TASTE | Myocardial infarction Efficacy | RR |
0.97
[0.73, 1.28] |
0.96
[0.79, 1.17] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
Merola (2022)
Disease: Breast cancer (Oncology)
Data: Ehr from US
Sample Size: 1886
(Treatment: 462, Control: 1424)
TTE vs RCT Comparisons
| Target Trial | Outcome | Effect Measure | RCT Result | TTE Result | Concordance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PARSIFAL | Overall survival Efficacy | HR |
1.00
[0.68, 1.48] |
1.07
[0.86, 1.35] |
CI Overlap
Different Direction |
Softness (2022)
Disease: Bladder cancer (Oncology)
Data: National_Database from US
Sample Size: 2048
(Treatment: 1812, Control: 236)
TTE vs RCT Comparisons
| Target Trial | Outcome | Effect Measure | RCT Result | TTE Result | Concordance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SPARE | Overall survival Efficacy | HR |
3.05
[0.92, 10.15] |
0.87
[0.64, 1.19] |
CI Overlap
Different Direction |
Matthews (2021)
Disease: Myocardial infarction (Cardiology)
Data: Registry from Sweden
Sample Size: 4940
(Treatment: 2634, Control: 2306)
TTE vs RCT Comparisons
| Target Trial | Outcome | Effect Measure | RCT Result | TTE Result | Concordance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VALIDATE | Composite of death from any cause, MI, … Efficacy | RR |
0.96
[0.83, 1.10] |
0.93
[0.77, 1.12] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| VALIDATE | Death by 180 days Efficacy | RR |
1.05
[0.78, 1.41] |
1.21
[0.88, 1.68] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| VALIDATE | Major bleeding by 180 days Efficacy | RR |
1.00
[0.84, 1.19] |
0.69
[0.50, 0.95] |
CI Overlap
Different Direction |
| VALIDATE | MI by 180 days Efficacy | RR |
0.84
[0.60, 1.19] |
1.08
[0.76, 1.54] |
CI Overlap
Different Direction |
Weberpals (2021)
Disease: Advanced non-small cell lung cancer (Oncology)
Data: Ehr from US
TTE vs RCT Comparisons
| Target Trial | Outcome | Effect Measure | RCT Result | TTE Result | Concordance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PRONOUNCE | Overall survival Efficacy | HR |
1.07
[0.83, 1.36] |
1.09
[0.87, 1.37] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
Yiu (2021)
Disease: Psoriasis (Immunology)
Data: Registry from UK and Ireland
Sample Size: 1231
(Treatment: 314, Control: 917)
TTE vs RCT Comparisons
| Target Trial | Outcome | Effect Measure | RCT Result | TTE Result | Concordance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CLEAR | PASI<=2 after 12 months Efficacy | RR |
1.24
[1.11, 1.37] |
1.28
[1.06, 1.55] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
Althunian (2020)
Disease: Atrial fibrilation (Cardiology)
Data: National_Database from UK
Sample Size: 25473
(Treatment: 4008, Control: 21465)
TTE vs RCT Comparisons
| Target Trial | Outcome | Effect Measure | RCT Result | TTE Result | Concordance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rocket AF | major bleeding Efficacy | HR |
1.04
[0.90, 1.20] |
1.07
[0.95, 1.21] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
| Rocket AF | stroke, systemic emoblism, death Efficacy | HR |
0.86
[0.74, 0.99] |
1.18
[1.03, 1.34] |
No Overlap
Different Direction |
| Rocket AF | stroke, systemic emoblism prevention Efficacy | HR |
0.88
[0.75, 1.03] |
1.04
[0.84, 1.30] |
CI Overlap
Different Direction |
Bacic (2020)
Disease: Renal cell carcinoma (Oncology)
Data: Other from US
Sample Size: 67388
(Treatment: 58815, Control: 8573)
TTE vs RCT Comparisons
| Target Trial | Outcome | Effect Measure | RCT Result | TTE Result | Concordance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EORTC 30881 | Overall survival Efficacy | HR |
1.02
[0.80, 1.29] |
1.13
[1.07, 1.20] |
CI Overlap
Same Direction |
About TTE vs RCT Comparisons
This page showcases studies that directly compared Target Trial Emulation (TTE) results with their corresponding Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs). These comparisons are crucial for understanding the validity and reliability of the TTE methodology.
Key Metrics:
- CI Overlap: Whether confidence intervals of TTE and RCT estimates overlap
- Direction Agreement: Whether TTE and RCT point to the same conclusion (benefit/harm)
- Effect Measure: The statistical measure used (HR, OR, RR, etc.)
- Transparency: Availability of protocol, data, and analysis code